NOVA Classification Examples: Processed vs Ultra-Processed Foods

The best way to understand NOVA is to see it in action. These side-by-side comparisons show how the same type of food can range from minimally processed to ultra-processed — and what ingredients make the difference.

Bread

NOVA 3

Bakery sourdough

Ingredients: Wheat flour, water, salt, sourdough culture

NOVA 4

Supermarket sliced white

Ingredients: Wheat flour, water, yeast, salt, vegetable oil, soya flour, emulsifiers (E471, E472e), preservative (calcium propionate), flour treatment agent

Emulsifiers (E471, E472e)Preservative (calcium propionate)Flour treatment agent

Both are bread, but the supermarket loaf contains emulsifiers and preservatives that extend shelf life — additives you'd never use at home.

Yoghurt

NOVA 1

Plain natural yoghurt

Ingredients: Whole milk, live cultures

NOVA 4

Strawberry flavoured yoghurt

Ingredients: Yoghurt, sugar, strawberry purée (3%), modified maize starch, flavourings, colour (carmine), acidity regulator

Modified maize starchFlavouringsColour (carmine)

Plain yoghurt is minimally processed. The flavoured version adds modified starch, flavourings, and colourings — turning a simple food into an ultra-processed one.

Breakfast cereal

NOVA 1

Porridge oats

Ingredients: 100% rolled oats

NOVA 4

Chocolate cereal

Ingredients: Rice, sugar, cocoa, glucose-fructose syrup, palm oil, salt, flavouring, emulsifier (soy lecithin), vitamins

Glucose-fructose syrupFlavouringEmulsifier

Oats are a single whole ingredient. The cereal contains industrial sugars, flavourings, and emulsifiers — despite being marketed as a breakfast staple.

Chicken

NOVA 1

Fresh chicken breast

Ingredients: Chicken breast

NOVA 4

Chicken nuggets

Ingredients: Chicken (45%), wheat flour, vegetable oil, water, modified starch, salt, dextrose, yeast extract, flavourings, raising agents

Modified starchDextroseYeast extractFlavourings

Fresh chicken is a whole food. Nuggets contain modified starch, yeast extract (a flavour enhancer), and added sugars — the chicken content drops to under half.

Soup

NOVA 1

Homemade tomato soup

Ingredients: Tomatoes, onion, garlic, olive oil, salt, pepper

NOVA 4

Instant cup soup

Ingredients: Maltodextrin, tomato powder (8%), sugar, salt, palm oil, modified starch, yeast extract, flavourings, colours

MaltodextrinModified starchYeast extractFlavourings

Homemade soup is whole ingredients. The instant version's first ingredient is maltodextrin (a starch-derived filler), with actual tomato at just 8%.

Classify any food

Check the NOVA group of any product

Paste an ingredient list and see the NOVA classification, processing signals, and additive breakdown.

Frequently asked questions

SpikeSaver

See NOVA scores automatically while you shop Tesco

SpikeSaver classifies every product's processing level — no label reading needed.

Install Chrome Extension — Free in Beta

Chrome extension · Free during beta · Works on Tesco.com

More NOVA classification guides